The first way on learning Photography is to learn the light of the scene you want to shoot. The way to capture the light is called "Exposure". Exposure, in terms of photography, means the amount of light per unit area reaching the photographic film, as determined by shutter speed, lens aperture, and scene luminance. In digital photography "film" is substituted with "sensor". Exposure is measured in lux seconds, and can be computed from exposure value (EV) and scene luminance in a specified region.
SHUTTER SPEED is the time of the shot progresses. The less the shutter speed is, the more the focus and less shake of the picture can be, and the less the light is. 1 sec, 1/2, 1/4, 1/125, and 1/250 are values for measuring shutter speed. the APERTURE is the means of the size of the lens. The more the larger the aperture is, the more the subject will be seen widely. f/4, f/5.6, and f/8 are values for aperture. ISO is the sensitivity of the sensor to the light. The more the ISO is, the more the brighter the captured image is. 400, 800, and 3200 are values for measuring ISO.